Robert Forbes, JACOBS
Approved for 1.0 credit hour for Water, Wastewater, and PE
The State of North Carolina, with its rich diversity, inviting climate, growing population, and substantial natural resources to protect, has been one of the fastest growing states in the Southeastern U.S. for the past decade. A byproduct of that growth is an increasing volume of residuals and biosolids that are produced, in addition to the other organic by-products of North Carolina economic activity such as food processing, forestry, farming, and other industries. The state produces large quantities of biosolids and residuals, with a growing proportion of biosolids treated to Class A levels suitable for distribution and marketing. Considering the increasing costs of energy, biosolids and other residuals are being reconsidered as carbon-rich energy sources, in addition to being traditional sources of nutrients and carbon for the soil. The paper and presentation will review North Carolina trends in biosolids management over the last two decades and touch on the emerging trends of energy and resource recovery, which are currently developing in many of the state's metropolitan areas such as Charlotte, Raleigh, Greensboro, Winston-Salem, Asheville, and Hickory. Lesser known and smaller, but equally innovative projects and local initiatives in the state related to biosolids and organics management will also be discussed. The paper will summarize and compare data from the 1st (2004 data year) and 2nd (2018 data year) National Surveys of Biosolids Regulation, Quality, End Use and Disposal in the U.S. Information from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NC-DENR), and North Carolina State University (NCSU), among other sources, will also be used to provide an overview of biosolids management for protecting the state natural resources. A case will be made that biosolids and related organic by-products will become greater economic drivers in the future as traditional, fossil sources of fuels and fertilizers continue to increase in cost. The paper and presentation will provide further detail on the statistics provided for North Carolina in the National Biosolids Database, including probable reasons behind some of the data discrepancies found. Biosolids, Class A biosolids products, organic by-products, energy recovery, resource recovery.
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